PV

Returns the present value of an investment of periodic constant payments at a constant interest rate.

Note: Interest rate calculation methods differ from country to country. This function calculates an interest rate based on U.S. interest rate standards.

Syntax

PV(n1, n2, n3)

Parameters

Parameter	Description
`n1`	A numeric value or expression representing the payment amount.
`n2`	A numeric value or expression representing the interest per period of the investment.
`n3`	A numeric value or expression representing the total number of payment periods.

The function returns an error if either n1 or n3 is negative or 0. If any parameter is null, the function returns null.

Note: FormCalc follows the IEEE-754 international standard when handling floating point numeric values. For more information, see Number literals.

Examples

The following expressions are examples that use the PV function:

Expression	Returns
`PV(400, 0.10 / 12, 30 * 12)`	`45580.32799074439`. This is the value after 30 years, of a $400 a month investment growing at 10% annually.
`PV(1000, 0.075 / 4, 10 * 4)`	`58791.96145535981`. This is the value after ten years of a $1000 a month investment growing at 7.5% a quarter.
`PV(Payment[0], Int_Rate / 4, Time)`	This example uses variables in place of actual numeric values or expressions.