How CSRF attacks workCross-site request forgery (CSRF) is a website vulnerability
where a valid user’s browser is used to send a malicious request,
possibly via an iFrame. Because the browser sends cookies on a domain
basis, if the user is currently logged in to an application, the
user’s data may be compromised.
For example, consider a scenario where you are logged in to Administration Console
in a browser. You receive an email message containing a link. You
click the link, which opens a new tab in your browser. The page
that you opened contains a hidden iFrame that makes a malicious
request to the LiveCycle server using the cookie from your authenticated
LiveCycle session. Because User Management receives a valid cookie,
it passes the request.
CSRF-related terms- Referer:
- The address of the source page from which a request is coming.
For example, a web page on site1.com contains a link to site2.com.
Clicking the link posts a request to site2.com. The referer of this
request is site1.com because the request is made from a page whose
source is site1.com.
- Whitelisted URIs:
- URIs identify resources on the LiveCycle server that are
being requested, for example, /adminui or /contentspace. Some resources
may allow a request to enter the application from external sites.
These resources are considered whitelisted URIs. The LiveCycle server
never performs a referer check from whitelisted URIs.
- Null referer:
- When you open a new browser window or tab, then type an address
and press Enter, the referer is null. The request is entirely new
and not originating from a parent web page; therefore, there is
no referer for the request. The LiveCycle server can receive a null
referer from:
requests made on SOAP or REST endpoints
from Acrobat
any desktop client making an HTTP request on a LiveCycle
SOAP or REST endpoint
when a new browser window is opened and the URL for any LiveCycle
web application login page is entered
Allow
a null referer on SOAP and REST endpoints. Also allow a null referer
on all URI login pages such as /adminui and /contentspace and their
corresponding mapped resources. For example, the mapped servlet
for /contentspace is /contentspace/faces/jsp/login.jsp, which should
be a null referer exception. This exception is required only if
you enable GET filtering for your web application. Your applications
can specify whether to allow null referers. (See “Protecting from Cross-Site
Request Forgery attacks” in Hardening and Security for LiveCycle.)
- Allowed Referer Exception:
- Allowed Referer Exception is a sublist of the list of allowed
referers, from which requests are blocked. Allowed Refer Exceptions
are particular to a web application. If a subset of the Allowed
Referers should not be allowed to invoke a particular web application,
you can blacklist the referers via Allowed Referer Exceptions. Allowed
Referer Exceptions are specified in the web.xml file for your application.
(See “Protecting from Cross-Site Request Forgery attacks” in Hardening and Security for LiveCycle.)
How allowed referers workLiveCycle provides referer filtering, which can help prevent
CSRF attacks. Here is how referer filtering works: The
LiveCycle server checks the HTTP method used for invocation: If it is POST, the LiveCycle server performs the referer
header check.
If it is GET, the LiveCycle server bypasses the referer check,
unless CSRF_CHECK_GETS is set to true, in which case it performs
the referer header check. CSRF_CHECK_GETS is specified in the web.xml
file for your application. (See “Protecting from Cross-Site Request
Forgery attacks” in Hardening and Security for LiveCycle.)
The LiveCycle server checks whether the requested URI is
whitelisted:
If the URI is whitelisted, the server
passes the request.
If the requested URI is not whitelisted, the server retrieves
the referer of the request.
If there is a referer in the request, the server checks whether
it is an allowed referer. If it is allowed, the server checks for
a referer exception: If it is an exception, the request
is blocked.
If it is not an exception, the request is passed.
If there is no referer in the request, the server checks
whether a null referer is allowed.
If a null referer
is allowed, the request is passed.
If a null referer is not allowed, the server checks whether
the requested URI is an exception for null referer and handles the
request accordingly.
Configure allowed referersWhen you run Configuration Manager, the default host and
IP address or the LiveCycle server are added to the Allowed Referer
list. You can edit this list in Administration Console.
In Administration Console, click Settings > User Management
> Configuration > Configure Allowed Referer URL’s. The Allowed
Referer list appears at the bottom of the page.
To add an allowed referer:
Type a host name
or IP address in the Allowed Referers box. To add more than one
allowed referer at a time, type each host name or IP address on
a new line.
In the HTTP Port and HTTPS Ports boxes, specify which ports
to allow for HTTP, HTTPS, or both. If you leave those boxes empty,
the default ports (port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS) are
used. If you enter 0 (zero) in the boxes, all ports
on that server are enabled. You can also enter a specific port number
to enable only that port.
Click Add.
To remove entry from the Allowed Referer list, select the
item from the list and click Delete.
If the Allowed Referer
List is empty, the CSRF feature stops working and the system becomes
insecure.
After changing the Allowed Referer list, restart the LiveCycle
server.
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